The INA219 is an I2C-based power monitoring module designed to measure high-side DC voltage, current, and power in real time. Interfacing this sensor with an STM32 microcontroller enables precise power tracking using standard HAL I2C drivers for...
READ MOREIn this fifth part of our STM32 Low-Layer (LL) I2C series, we complete our non-blocking driver suite by leveraging Direct Memory Access (DMA) for memory read operations. We will demonstrate how to configure the DMA controller and manage the I2C...
READ MOREWith the timer and GPIO successfully configured, we will now shift our focus to actively transmitting data. By leveraging the TIM3 interrupt, the microcontroller will autonomously shift bits out to the TX pin, ensuring precise baud rate...
READ MOREIn the fourth part of our STM32 Low-Layer (LL) I2C series, we offload transaction overhead from the CPU by implementing Direct Memory Access (DMA) for memory write operations. We will explore how to configure the DMA controller to automate byte...
READ MOREIn this new series guide, we shall emulate the UART hardware using a clever combination of timers and DMA to achieve effortless, CPU-independent serial communication. Before a single byte can take flight, we will use STM32CubeMX to forge the...
READ MOREIn this third installment of our STM32 Low-Layer (LL) I2C series, we shift from receiving data to actively configuring slave peripherals by updating the time registers on the DS3231 RTC. We will explore how to build a robust multi-byte write...
READ MOREEstablishing reliable bidirectional communication is the foundational step in validating the sensor emulation framework, ensuring that the master device and the emulated sensor can exchange data packets effectively. By implementing an echo...
READ MOREFor the second part of our series, we transition from bus scanning to active data retrieval by interfacing with the highly accurate DS3231 Real-Time Clock (RTC). We will break down the essential register operations and timing requirements needed...
READ MOREUART-based sensor emulation on an STM32F4 provides a cost-effective and highly controlled method to validate data processing algorithms and communication protocols without requiring the actual physical sensor hardware. This approach is essential...
READ MOREMastering the I2C protocol at the register level offers unparalleled control and efficiency, especially when navigating the specialized Low-Layer (LL) drivers provided by ST. This first installment of our series walks you through the essential...
READ MOREEliminate the CPU overhead of processing individual incoming characters by offloading variable-length UART reception entirely to the DMA controller. By pairing a circular or linear DMA stream with the UART hardware’s IDLE line interrupt...
READ MORENow that the basic DMA transmission pipeline is established, the final part of this guide focuses on interfacing the STM32F407 with the onboard CS43L22 audio DAC to produce real-world audio waveforms. By configuring the DAC via $I^2C$ for control...
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