The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a bus interface found in many devices such as DAC,ADC, EEPROM etc. SPI devices typically use two pin for data transfer. – SDI and SDO. The SPI bus has the SCLK (Serial Clock) pin to synchronize the data...
READ MOREPWM operates by creating a digital output wave of a fixed frequency while allowing varying duty cycle. This gives the microcontroller the capability to vary the amount of power delivered to a load such as a motor. The figure below shows three...
READ MOREThe TCRT500 module is a reflective sensor module. It is made up of a phototransistor coupled with an infrared LED. It’s working principle is that, the infrared LED will illuminate and bounce its light off a surface at an angle which will...
READ MOREIn this lesson we are going to give a short revision of calculus. This will help to be able to picture backpropagation and gradient descent more easily in future lesson. You do not need to understand calculus to work with deep learning major of...
READ MOREAs you may know memory holds code and data for the CPU to process ,and the I/ O ports are used by the CPU to access input and output devices. In the microcontroller we have two types of I/ O. They are: a. General Purpose I/ O (GPIO): The GPIO...
READ MOREComputers transfer data in two ways: parallel and serial. In parallel data transfers, often eight or more lines (wire conductors) are used to transfer data to another device. In serial communication, the data is sent one bit at a time. In the...
READ MOREThe System tick timer is present in all arm cortex-m microcontrollers. Irrespective of whether it is STM32,LPC, Tiva C etc. The System tick timer allows the system to initiate an action on a periodic basis. This action is performed internally at...
READ MOREA single microprocessor can serve several devices. There are two ways to do that: interrupts or polling. In the interrupt method, whenever any device needs service, the device notifies the CPU by sending it an interrupt signal. Upon receiving an...
READ MOREAnalog-to-digital converters are among the most widely used devices for data acquisition. Digital computers use binary (or discrete) values, but in the physical world everything is analog (or continuous). Temperature, pressure (wind or liquid)...
READ MOREA state machine is defined as an algorithm that can be in one of a small number of states. A state is a condition that causes a prescribed relationship of inputs to outputs, and of inputs to next states. One of the advantages of a state machine...
READ MOREEvery variable in a firmware has a name and a value associated with it. When a variable is declared, a specific block of memory within the microcontroller is allocated to hold the value of that variable. The size of the allocated block depends on...
READ MOREAll Rights Reserved